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海洋環境硫酸鹽還原菌對金屬材料腐蝕機理的研究進展

2021-05-17 14:30:01 作者：董續成來源：中國腐蝕與防護學報分享至：

摘要

硫酸鹽還原菌（SRB）是一類廣泛存在于自然環境中可以利用硫酸鹽類物質作為呼吸代謝電子受體的厭氧類微生物，是造成金屬腐蝕破壞和設備故障的主要原因之一，已經成為一個重要的研究課題。由于微生物活動的復雜性，生物膜內SRB與金屬表面的相互作用缺乏深入的研究，其誘導腐蝕機理和腐蝕過程尚不清楚，難以進行有效的腐蝕預測。基于此，本文從SRB生物膜的呼吸代謝角度介紹了其誘導金屬腐蝕的研究進展。介紹了SRB的生態特征和厭氧呼吸過程，重點綜述了SRB腐蝕機理，包括陰極去極化、代謝產物腐蝕、濃差電池作用和胞外電子傳遞等理論，最后簡要介紹了微生物腐蝕（MIC）研究的方法與技術手段。

關鍵詞：微生物腐蝕 ; 硫酸鹽還原菌 ; 腐蝕機理

Abstract

Sulfate-reducing bacteria （SRB） are a group of diverse anaerobic microorganisms omnipresently in natural habitats and engineered environments, they use sulfur compounds as the electron acceptor for energy metabolism. SRB corrosion is one of major cause for corrosion damages and facility failures, making it an important research topic. Due to the complexity of microbiological activities and that there is a lack of deep understanding of the interaction between biofilms and metal surfaces in the present, therefore, it is still hard to predict and interpret the occurrence and the relevant mechanism of the SRB corrosion. In this review, the ecological characteristics and anaerobic respiration of SRB are introduced, focusing on the SRB corrosion mechanism, including cathodic depolarization, metabolite corrosion, concentration battery action, and extracellular electron transfer theories. Finally, the methods and tools of MIC research are briefly introduced.

Keywords： microbiological influenced corrosion ; SRB ; corrosion mechanism