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RSC主編推薦：材料領域精彩文章快覽

2019-03-01 11:46:51 作者：本網整理來源：RSC 分享至：

英國皇家化學會（RSC）是一個超過175年歷史的面向全球化學家的非營利會員制機構，旗下擁有44種期刊，其中很多在化學領域有很高影響力。為了進一步幫助廣大讀者追蹤科技前沿熱點，X-MOL團隊與英國皇家化學會合作，推出英國皇家化學會期刊主編推薦的精彩文章快覽，本期文章屬“材料領域”，英文點評來自英國皇家化學會期刊的主編。如果大家對我們的解讀有更多的補充和點評，歡迎在文末寫評論發表您的高見！

Chemical Science （IF: 9.063）

1. Engineering high reversibility and fast kinetics of Bi nanoflakes by surface modulation for ultrastable nickel–bismuth batteries

Chem. Sci., 2019, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C8SC04967J

Bismuth is a promising anode material but it suffers from poor stability. A team of researchers in China have partially oxidised Bi nanoflakes （NFs） by a one-step surface oxidation approach to greatly improve their reversibility and cycling performance. The partially oxidised Bi NFs exhibit good capacity （0.38 mA h cm-2 at 2 mA cm-2）， good rate capability and high long-term stability even after 20,000 cycles. They constructed an aqueous Ni//Bi battery based on this material with 96% capacity retention after 5000 cycles.

鉍是一種很有前景的負極材料，但它的穩定性較差。中山大學和哈爾濱理工大學的研究人員通過一步表面氧化法將鉍納米片進行了部分氧化，大大提高了它們的可逆性和循環性能。部分氧化的鉍納米片表現出良好的容量（在2 mA cm-2下為0.38 mA h cm-2）、良好的倍率性能和優秀的長期穩定性（20000次循環后幾乎沒有容量衰減）。他們基于該材料構建的水性Ni//Bi電池，在5000次循環后容量保持率可達96％。

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2. Rapid room temperature synthesis of red iridium（III） complexes containing a four-membered Ir–S–C–S chelating ring for highly efficient OLEDs with EQE over 30%

Chem. Sci., 2019, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C8SC05605F

A team of scientists in China have developed a method to synthesise red iridium（III） complexes containing a four-membered Ir–S–C–S chelating ring in five minutes at room temperature for use as OLED materials with an EQE over 30%. The complexes were used to make OLEDs with double emissive layers with a maximum brightness over 60,000 cd m-2, a maximum current efficiency of 40.68 cd A-1, a maximum external quantum efficiency （EQEmax） of 30.54%, and an EQE of 26.79% at the practical luminance of 1000 cd m-2.

南京大學和中科院長春應化所的科學家們開發了一種在室溫下五分鐘內合成含有四元Ir-S-C-S螯合環的紅光銥（III）配合物的方法，該配合物可用作有機發光二極管（OLED）材料，外量子效率（EQE）超過了30%。將該配合物用于制備具有雙發光層的OLED，最大亮度超過60000 cd m-2，最大電流效率為40.68 cd A-1，最大外量子效率（EQEmax）為30.54%，并且在實際亮度1000cd m-2 時EQE為26.79%。

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Materials Horizons （IF: 13.183）

1. Nano-sandwiched metal hexacyanoferrate/graphene hybrid thin films for in-plane asymmetric micro-supercapacitors with ultrahigh energy density

Mater. Horiz., 2019, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C9MH00063A

In-plane micro-supercapacitors （MSCs） hold promising potential for integration into microelectromechanical systems. Here, we design novel hybrid electrode materials to increase the device capacitance and rationally construct asymmetric MSCs to widen the output voltage window for boosting the energy density. The resultant nano-sandwiched electrode with alternately stacked graphene and metal hexacyanoferrate layers is beneficial to take advantage of the two components. Different from conventional asymmetric supercapacitors with two types of electrode materials, the resultant asymmetric MSCs are based on the same type of coordination polymer-related electrode materials, which is favorable for keeping the reversible charge/discharge process during a long cycling lifetime. Thanks to the novel hybrid thin films and asymmetric structure, the achieved in-plane asymmetric MSCs deliver ultrahigh energy density and long cycling stability while showing outstanding mechanical flexibility and integration capability.

面內微型超級電容器（MSC）在與微電機系統集成方面具有巨大潛力。本文作者設計了一種新穎的混合電極材料來提高器件的電容，并合理構建不對稱面內微型超級電容器來擴大輸出電壓窗口以提高能量密度。通過交替堆疊層狀的石墨烯和金屬六氰高鐵酸鹽，得到的納米三明治形電極充分體現了這兩種組分的優點。與由兩種電極材料組成的常規不對稱超級電容器不同，這里制備的不對稱面內微型超級電容器基于相同類型的配位聚合物電極材料，這有利于在長循環壽命中保持可逆的充電/放電過程。歸功于新穎的混合薄膜和不對稱結構，這種面內不對稱微型超級電容器具有超高的能量密度和長循環穩定性，同時具有出色的機械柔性和集成能力。

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2. A flexible conformable artificial organ-damage memory system towards hazardous gas leakage based on a single organic transistor

Mater. Horiz., 2019, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C8MH01577E

Herein, we developed an effective and facile strategy to realize the gas-controlled memory behavior by operating the organic semiconductors at room temperature. The slow doping/dedoping processes enable the accumulation of the sensing signal towards the single prolonged and the long-term repeated NO2 exposure. As a result, the artificial organ-damage memory system can be fabricated only based on a single organic transistor. This facile device geometry well simulates the inhalation, metabolism, and cumulative organ damage caused due to exposure to a hazardous gas. Good flexibility of the organic semiconductor also helps the artificial electronic system to well conform onto the curved surfaces with almost unchanged memory behavior. Our conformable artificial organ-damage memory system opens up a novel opportunity for simulating human organ damage and exhibits the potential for future wearable health monitoring.

作者們開發了一種簡單有效的策略，通過在室溫下操控有機半導體來實現氣體控制的記憶行為。緩慢的摻雜/去摻雜過程使對于單次延長和長期重復的NO2暴露的傳感信號累積，從而，僅使用單個有機晶體管就可以制造人造器官損傷記憶系統。這種簡便的裝置結構能夠很好地模擬由于有害氣體暴露而引起的吸入、代謝和累積的器官損傷。有機半導體的良好柔性還有助于人造電子系統很好地適應彎曲表面，同時幾乎不會引起記憶行為的變化。這種順應性的人工器官損傷記憶系統為模擬人體器官損傷開辟了新的方向，同時也表現出了用于未來可穿戴健康監測應用的潛力。

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3. Radiation-assisted metal ion interference tumor therapy by barium peroxide-based nanoparticles

Mater. Horiz., 2019, Advance Article

DOI: 10.1039/C8MH01554F

Herein, we have developed a novel concept for tumor treatment by taking advantage of the unique biological effects of released metal ions, anions or molecules in biodegradable nanomaterials. In contrast with existing research, this strategy, which we termed ion interference therapy, directly exploits the biotoxicity of inorganic nanoparticles to combat tumors, which makes the designed nanodrugs more intelligent and more biocompatible. Moreover, by focusing on the biological effects of nanomaterials rather than their physicochemical properties and further applying them in disease treatment, this will strengthen the connection between clinical medicine and nanomaterials and rejuvenate the clinical potential of nanomedicine.

作者們利用生物可降解納米材料可以釋放金屬離子、陰離子或分子的獨特生物效應，發展了一種新穎的腫瘤治療概念。與現有研究相比，這種被作者稱為“離子干擾療法”的策略直接利用無機納米粒子的生物毒性來對抗腫瘤，這使得設計的納米藥物更加智能化，也更具生物相容性。此外，關注納米材料的生物效應而非物理化學性質，并將其進一步應用于疾病治療，這將加強臨床醫學和納米材料之間的聯系，也提高了納米醫學的臨床應用潛力。

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Biomaterials Science （IF: 5.831）

1. A one-pot modular assembly strategy for triple-play enhanced cytosolic siRNA delivery

Biomater. Sci., 2019, Advance Article

DOI:10.1039/C8BM01454J

The first small interfering RNA （siRNA） has recently been approved by the FDA for therapeutic use. In this paper the authors have developed a novel one pot assembly method, using a copper free click reaction, to fabricate a siRNA delivery system on the surface of the siRNA/liposome complex. The delivery system has 3 distinct functions; charge-reversal, receptor-mediated endocytosis and cell penetrating peptide （CPP）-induced cell penetration. The authors found that the system had improved blood stability, enhanced cytosolic delivery and superior gene silencing efficiency in vivo in mouse models.

FDA近期批準了首款用于治療的小干擾RNA（siRNA）藥物。在本文中，Biomater. Sci. 期刊副主編、中國藥科大學張燦教授等人報道了一種新的一鍋組裝法，通過無需銅參與的點擊反應，在siRNA/脂質體復合物的表面上制造siRNA遞送系統。遞送系統有三種不同的功能：電荷逆轉、受體介導的胞吞作用和細胞穿透肽（CPP）誘導的細胞穿透。作者發現將該系統用于小鼠模型的體內實驗時，表現出了改善的血液穩定性、增強的胞漿遞送和優秀的基因沉默效率。

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2. Magnetic liposomal emodin composite with enhanced killing efficiency against breast cancer

Biomater. Sci., 2019, Advance Article

DOI:10.1039/C8BM01530A

The active natural compound emodin has promising pharmacological properties but has limited use as it is poorly soluble and has poor targeting ability. In this paper the authors developed a magnetic liposomal emodin nanocomposite （MLE） which had superior chemotherapeutic effects （24.1% higher than free emodin） as well as excellent biocompatability. The MLE could be guided with an external magnetic field to accumulate in the tumor region, demonstrated in an in vivo mice model, confirmed with MR and fluorescence imaging.

活性天然化合物大黃素具有良好的藥理學性質，但由于其溶解性和靶向性較差，使用受到了限制。在本文中，作者開發了一種磁性脂質體大黃素納米復合材料（MLE），它具有優秀的化療效果（比游離大黃素高24.1%）以及優異的生物相容性。在小鼠模型體內實驗中，通過磁共振和熒光成像證實，使用外部磁場可以引導MLE聚集在腫瘤區域。

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